HeNan is an eastern province in China,with the area of 167,000 sq km and its population of 92,560,000 (2000).Of all the provinces,HeNan is the most densely populated.Its terrain is made up of a series of mountains in the west and plains in the east. The Huang He (Yellow River) crosses the northern part of HeNan.Its fertile loess uplands are found in the central area. Wheat is the most important crop;besides, cotton, tobacco, peanuts, and sesame are also grown. Coal is mined, and hydroelectricity is produced with the help of the advanced irrigation and flood-control projects on the Huang He. Manufactures are famous for textiles, iron and steel, heavy machinery, and aluminum,etc. Major cities include the capital, Zhengzhou,a railroad and industrial center;Luoyang,has Longmen caves, with nearly 100,000 Buddhist on the cliffside, and Kaifeng,a commercial,manufacturing and agricultural center.